Thematic maps: income, age and population

How to use it

Pick the country, the data and whether you want to see it by state or by county (in Spain, by community, province or municipality). The map recolors right away. Hover over it or tap an area to see its value, its rank and the other data; if you can’t find a place, search for it by name. For counties and municipalities you can zoom into a single state or province with “Area.”

Below the map are the 10 places with the highest value and the 10 with the lowest. For counties and municipalities you can leave out the smallest ones, which tend to top and bottom the lists. “Download PNG” and “Download SVG” save the map with its title, legend, source and data date, ready for a report or a slide deck; “Data (CSV)” saves the table of what you see, and “Embed” gives you the code to put it on your website. The page address keeps what you’re looking at, so you can share it as is.

What each map shows (and what it doesn’t)

Median household income is the income of the household in the middle: half of the households in a county earn more and half earn less. It includes the income of everyone 15 and older in the household, before taxes, from wages, self-employment, Social Security, pensions, investments and public assistance. It comes from the American Community Survey (ACS) 2020–2024 5-year estimates, adjusted to 2024 dollars and released January 29, 2026. Pooling five years of answers is what lets the Census publish a value for every county, even the smallest.

Median age is the age of the person in the middle: half the residents are older and half are younger. Unlike the mean, a few very old or very young people don’t move it much. Population is the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 estimate for July 1, 2025, and density divides it by land area (water doesn’t count). Population alone paints big places big: to compare places, density works better.

Every ACS figure is an estimate with a margin of error (at 90% confidence), and each county’s card shows it. In counties with fewer than 10,000 people, half have an income margin larger than 12.5% of the value; in counties over 100,000, it’s 2.7%. Two neighboring counties in different colors may not really be different.

What the US maps show

The US median household income is $80,734 and the median age is 38.9. The county with the highest median household income is Loudoun County (Virginia), at $181,765, and the lowest is Owsley County (Kentucky), at $22,188. Only 549 of the 3,144 counties are above the national median. Among the 50 states, Massachusetts ($103,960) and Mississippi ($56,447) are at the two ends.

The oldest state is Maine, with a median age of 44.8, and the youngest is Utah, at 32.0. Counties vary far more: among those with more than 10,000 people, the median age ranges from 68.5 in Sumter County (Florida) to 21.4 in Madison County (Idaho).

Spain: mean income and mean age

For Spain the maps use INE’s Household Income Distribution Atlas, built from tax records, with 2024 income released October 19, 2026. Mean net income per person is household income after income tax and social security contributions, divided by the people who live in those households: €15,948 for Spain as a whole. Per household it’s €40,605, because each household has about 2.5 people. These are means, not medians, so a few very high incomes pull them up, and the figures aren’t directly comparable with US medians.

Among municipalities with more than 2,000 residents, the highest mean net income per person is in Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), at €32,612, and the lowest in Iznalloz (Granada), at €9,153. The mean age is 44.0; the oldest province is Zamora (51.3) and the youngest, Almería (41.0), with the autonomous cities of Ceuta (39.0) and Melilla (37.4) younger still. For the 1,408 municipalities with fewer than 100 residents, INE publishes the average income of the small municipalities in their agricultural district instead of their own; 80 have no income data at all and show in white.

How the colors work

Each map sorts places into six classes by quantiles: each color holds about the same number of counties, states or municipalities, so the map shows the differences even when most values are close together. Breaks are rounded to easy-to-read numbers (income to $1,000, age to half a year) and recalculated for what you see: a single state gets its own breaks. The legend shows how many places fall into each class and the national value.

Colors run from a very light green (lowest) to a very dark green (highest), always in the same direction, so they work for color-blind readers, in grayscale and in black-and-white print. Places with no data are left white.

Using the maps: downloads, licenses and your website

The maps and the data are free to use, including in reports, classrooms and ad-supported websites. US data comes from the U.S. Census Bureau and is in the public domain; please credit the source. For Spain, credit “Own work with data from the INE website: www.ine.es” with the data date, and “Boundaries: © IGN (CC BY 4.0).” The downloaded image already includes the credits. Neither agency endorses this site.

To put a map on your site, click “Embed,” choose the height and copy the code: the map looks just like it does here, visitors can tap it, and it has no ads or cookies.